Wick type oil burner construction



INVENTOR. cARRoL MBREED C. M. BREED Filed April 3, 1959 y ATTORNE sJan-"9 1940I` WICK TYPE OIL BURNER- CONSTRUCTION FIG.2.

ab .IJ INI! United Stove Company, n poration of Michigan lThis inventionrelates generallyjto oil burners l y y sive slr'ioking of the'jburnerresults.'` AIn accordance I f with the 'present invention,l theforegoing yispacand refers incre' particularly toimpro'vements in oillknirners of the-wick type,

r f It is one, of the principal Objects ofthisin-venl tion toprovide aburner of theabove type with,

aflame spreader capable of beingoassernbled with the burner in aposition inverted from itsjnorm'al operating position on the burnerandeifective' in j' the inverted position thereofA to loosen or break lothe-carbon depositonthe end of tl'ie'wickf Another advantageous featurevof; the present invention consistsin the provision of a'flame spreaderrotatably supportedon the burner in its' l inver'ted position andhavinga flame spreader 'ange provided, With circumferentially spacedkv.Serrations engageable with the adjacent endi` of the wick in amannerto breaker loosen the carbon deposit'on the end of the lwick without'cutting or unravelingthe wick.

in the provision of a ame spreader flange having anv annular upwardlyprojecting` downwardly opening channel portion effectiveinthe-invertedposition of the flame spreader to telescope' in the upper end of theWick tube and center the flame spreader relative to the wick.

, A further feature of this invention'rresides in a rthe provision of aame spreader of the type set to escape from the channelinto the airdischarged that the vabove feature appreciably ,reducesthe accumulationof unburned oil on the innersurf. face of the Wick tubepand this-is`possibly due to 40 the fact that the draft passingI upwardlyr throughthe invertedchannel onv the flame spreader flange y carries .theunburned oilgvapors alongwithgit.

Inasmuch as the base of the inverted channel is,

lapertured; it follows that'theoil vapors aredis-l are" thereby fedtothe flame' at vpoints spaced above the wick. As a result,y morecomplete com# f bustion control isfeected and the efficiency;ofv

v 'me burner is increased. 1 In addition to the foregoing, the presentin- VStill another object ofvthis inventionjresidesf forth in thepreceding'paragraphwherein the channel collects air i' passing upwardlythrough the inner wick tube and is formed With apervtures in the baseportion thereof tov permit the air laterally from the flame spreaderbody above; the channel; "It has been found in actualpractice chargedfrom 'thefchannel into the lateral yairy.v stream flowing from the flamespreader body and the 'fleurieV to creepfto 'such vanv extentr thatexcescomplish'ed Icy-associating afshieldwiththe burner collarxin sucnainanner that fthe shield v,co-. 5"

" `operatesv vi t h'the collar to forma space around` the outerburner't1 1. be for the circulation-'of air, r Theiairf circulating inkheat conducting. .reiation l f with the outer `.burner .tube maintainsthe:` same i ata suflicientlylow temperature to prevent creep- 'i irnofythe flame, irrespective of whether the burner is located in a cabinetoruthe like,y

The foregoing;V as Well as other objects, will be made more apparent yasthis description proavv ceeds,y especially fwhen" considered ;inconnection wtngthe `accompanying drawing, wherein?V f vFigure 1is'alongitudinal'sectionalview through an oil burnerfof the -Wick'typeembodying ythe L variousfeaturesof the 4present inventiony"A p .f Figure2 isvafragmentary sectionalview show- 20 f ing the flame* spreader inits rinverted position Wherev it operates-.to loosen or breakthe carbonf deposits onthe upperend of the wick;

'Figure is a rtopplan View of the burnershown.' f g 'I in ligurek," r vFigure f4.is a sectionaly viewI takeny substantially ure3. o

Upon:` reference to Figure 1, it willrbenoted thatmyimproved-oil'burnercomprises ajtubular 30 4'Wick I0adju'stably*supported'in'any oil reservoir and the interior of thereservoir` communicates 35 with'a source ofjsupply (notshown) throughthe rnediuin of a fcondut'f50. It'Will also-"be notedp l' y' lthat theouter Wick tube I3 isfformed with an aperture IB throughv `one sidethereof to provide sufcientclearance for the teeth of the pinion I'I 40f to interrnesh-with'the usual wickcarriage I 8 for adjusting vthe-Wicl'i-w-'relative to the -Wick tubes. l The pinion IIjisfoperated inany suitable' manner (not shown'herein) and'is enclrosedfby af' housing.ISLhaving theA inner ends' of vthe si de,`

walls crimped around the marginal edges of 'the' opening I6 in' a mannerto provide an effective seal. a

o ,I'he upper, end of'the inner wicktube" I2'1is "I `shownin Figure lfas. terminating ShQii 0f the., corresponding outer end of the wick tube`I3and ythe adjacent end ofthe wick is tapered in the. :mannerillustrated so'that the top ysurface of lthe i wickextenesfromphe upperAend of one 'of the n? tubesto the upper end Iof the other wick tube.' Itwill also 'be observed from Figure l that the upper end of the innerwiel; tube i2 is oiset radially outwardly to provide an annular` base 23of thev channel is tapered `in a direction opposite the direction ofinclination of the upper l end of the wick and is providedwitlicircumfen' entially spaced aperturesf 2li, therethrough to direct airflowing upwardlyinthe direction-of .A

the arrows A against the flame emitted from the top of `the wick. Itwill alsofbenoted thatthd l 4 pspreader flange 35i carries any unburnedoil vaentialiyspaced openings 25 to permit a `-certain. amount of theair .to escape fromV the channel 2l` into. the space existing betweentheiiange 22 k flange 22 is provided witha se'riesof 'circumfer andadjacent end of the inner Wick tube i2. The

air iiowing through the apertures 25 is directed v 25, byfthef'upperlendy of the inner' wick Atube l2V "i against the a'me at anelevationslightly below the air discharged from the apertures '24 andthereby cooperates with the latter apertures tol supplythe-flamewadjacent its source withV the l3Qrarnount of air necessary'foreicient combustion.

lSupported within `the inner wick-tube l2 is a ame spreader 2S having atubular `body-portion 2il extending Ainto the upper end* of theinnerwick tube I2 `and. seated iatthe lowerendithereof i 3a E.on a web-28-lXed in any suitable manner to the inner`wicktube l2 intermediatetheiendsiof the latter. n Thetubular body portion Tl-"of the iiarnespreader is closed at its upperend and is 'upset to 'provide annulardownwardly opening charnber 29 having circumferentially spaced perfora--f--tions.3i3-infthertop'thereof cooperating with perforatio'ns Siin theannular side wallof the body.4 to permitair passing through the iiamespreader In thisA into the annular chamber 29 to escape. connection, itwill be notedV that the top wall 32 l-sfof the body portion is shaped todirect the air:`

flowing `upwardlyl into the .bodyportion Zloutwardlytoward .theperforations, and this wall is centrally apertured to receive a fastenerelement 5 33,'. The fastener element 33 is in the form vof a istudhavingfthe lowerend :riveted or otherwise permanently secured tothe webZ and having. the upper end .threaded for receiving anut 34 adapted toprevent accidental disengagement of the ame spreader from theburner. frIt will be 1=`.`-note d from the above that air directedoutwardlythrough the perforations Eiland, lll supplies oxygen to theupper regionsof the ameemitted by the, wiclg'tofinsure proper combustion., It willlalso be noted that the diameter of the body-'por- L^tion 2l is less thanthe diameter o f the inner flange 35 ;of the air baffle channel `so thatair isv y permitted'toflowthrough the resultingispace. In

order Vto direct this airl outwardly againstl the i 35 flame at an`elevation between the air discharged `dlfrolnthe `air baffle channel 2land the perforations 3l,"I provide a iiame spreader flange 36.' Theflange is permanently secured in any suitable manne'rto the iiarnespreader bodyf'l below 7`0 the perforations. Si and extends Vradiallyout- 2l to direct this air outwardly against the flame.

As shown in Figure l, the iiange 36 is fashioned to provide anannularupwardly projecting downwardly opening channel ifi spaced radiallyoutwardlyyfroni the haine spreader body 2'! and hav ing periorations'iiiin the base portion thereof to permit airl entering the channel toescape. The air escaping through the perforations 33 in the 'oaseof the'channel gijisy directedflaterally outwardly .against the ilarneiby theair. iiowing out of the flan-1e spreader body 2l through thepeijforations 3l.

It has been found in actual practice that the above constructioneliminates theaccumulation unburned cil on theinner surface of the wicktubel i2, end this is probably due to the fact that thedraft causedbythe air passing upwardly through the inverted channel on the ameporsualong with it. ,Inasmuch as the air dischargediromthe periorations3l flows across the lo -e ofi-he channel .ia-it necessarily followsthat; the vapors discharged from the periorations 35j are carriedoutwardly into the fiame and lare thereby prevented from accumulating onany part of -the burner;v Y' Y After continued use 'of a` burnerfof -thetubeV` reviously'described, it is necessary to remove the carbondeposits-lon the upper end of Ythewicl in` orderto obtaincontinuedeiiicient operation of the burner. n accordance with thepresent inbroken .down by employing. the -iame Y spreader:

Edin the inverted positionirshowniinFigure 2.

As willbe` observedfrorn this latterfigure, when itis desired to loosenor break the vcarbon deposit 1 on the upperendof the wick, the nut 3F;is re-4 moved frornithe stud 33 and the flame. spreader 26 is lifted offthe burner. vWhen thisl is accom-t plislied,Y the air baiile channelZlis removed from the inner, wick ,tube,i2 and the. flame spreader.A iiisre-assernbledwith the .burner in an inventedA position.y In thisconnection, it will be noted that the portion iii of the flame, spreader.iiange such an extent that it engages thetapered .uppen end ofthewickglilfthroughout thearea or" this end o Ythe wiping `In other words,thejflange meI rests orseats upon the tapered upper end of the wick andis preferably providedv with a pluralityo' 't of serrations lily on thetop surface .thereof to .A

assist inrbreaking thecarbon deposit on the Wick:

upon rotationof theinvertedame spreaderl rel-l ative to the wick. `rIhedepth of `the' serrations is n or unravel the wick;

Itwill also be observed from Figure 2 that the;

flame l'spreader is accurately centered in its inverted positionwithrespect to the innerjwick tube l2 so thatthe portion Mlpf.thegflange will;

wick. in the present instance, .the radially'outer seat properly on thetapered upper end ofthe flange of the channel 31 is fashioned'toapproximately the diameter off the enlarged upper end7 of the inner`Wick tube' l2 aridas a consequence, i

telescopically engages the inner surface of theV wick tube i2 to eiectthe desiredcentering op` eration.. It followsI from the above that theiiarne. spreader not onlyiunctio'nsto advantageously distribute the Lairtot effect control of the com- 1 bustionbut, addition, capablevofbeingused extending beyond the channel 36 istapered 130.4515

'l Indetail, an annular shield 42 2;1'se,541lf d wick 'tube' laterallyoutwardly towardvv fthe wick outer wick tube I3 so as to'maintainthetem-q perature of the burner sufciently low to prevent undue creepingof the flame. j

is provided having a diameter considerably greater than'the diameter ofthe outer wick tubeto` provide an annular vertical passage 43 .for air,vand the upper end of the shield is'bentinwardlyfto form a 2a shoulder 44adapted to seat on the usual burner collar 45. In accordance withconventional practice, the burner collar 45 surrounds theMuppe'r end ofthe outer wick tube' I3 in spaced relation to the latter andissecured inplace'by'means of the bracketsl 46.v 'It follows from the above that theshieldi42 cooperateswith the burnercollar to forman air passage-aroundthe outer wick tube i3 through whichair circulates fromthe lower end ofthe burner to the upperend of thel 30 latter. 'Ihis circulaion Aof airin heat conducting relation to the burner tube |3 maintains thetemperatures suicientlylow to yprevent creeping ofthe llame even incases where the burner is mounted in alcabinet. y 85 What I claim as' my'invention is: f

1. In a'wick -type burner, a wick, a flame spreader attachable to theburner in either of y two positions, one position 4being invertedwithrespect to the other, and` means effective in the inverted position ofthev flame spreader to engage the adjacent end of the wick and eiect arubbing action on said wickupon relative rotation of the llame spreaderandburner.

2. In a wick type burner, a wick, a flame spreader attachable totheburner in either of two positions, one position being inverted `withrespect to the other, -a ange on said flame spreader eiective in the'said other position of the Aname spreader to direct air laterallyoutwardly'and eiective in the inverted position of the flame yspreaderto rest on the adjacent end of the wick, vand means supporting thellame.

spreader in said inverted position for rotation relative to the burnerto cause said ange to have a rubbing action on said wick. l

3. In a wick type burner, an annular wick, a flame spreader attach'ableto the burnerin either of two positions, one position being invertedwith respect to the other, an annular flange on said name spreadereffective in the said 'other position to direct air laterallyr outwardlytoward the wick and effective in the inverted position of the iiamelspreader to seat on .the adjacent end of the wick, serrations extendingradially of the flange vin circumferential spaced relationship, andmeans supporting the flame spreader in the inverted position thereof forrotation relative to the burner.

4. In a wick type burner, an annular'wickp 70 a wick tube located within.the wick, ya flame spreader attachable to the burner in either `of twopositions', one position being inverted with respect to the other, anannular ange on saidame spreader effective in the said other posi- 75tion to direct air. owing upwardly through the and' eiective -in 'ltheinverted position of` the ame spreaderftoseaton the `adjacent end ofthewick, means jon said iiange cooperating with the wicktube-to-center-the flame spreader with respecttothefwick'in the invertedposition of the Aflame spreader, `and means supportingthe llame ispreaderyin' the inverted position thereof for rotation relative-to'the' burner.A

"-55111 a ywi'cki'ltype: burner, vanv annular wick, a wick tube locatedIwithin lthe wick, aame spreader? attachable tothe burner yin either of`two positions'pne position being inverted with Vrespect tc-theother,"an annularilan'ge on said flame s1'orea`der.l eiectivel-in the saidother positionl to direct aircwing upwardly through the wick tubelaterally-outwardly jtoward the wickand effective? in the invertedrposition'A of vthe name spreaderfto' seat on thefadjacent'` end of thewick; said ilange having an annular channelair passing upwardly throughthe wick tube and having one of the side ilanges telescopically engagingthe upper endfof thel wick tube in the inverted position of the namespreader to 'center Athe latter with respect to the wick, and `means`respect to the other, an annular flange on'said name spreaderleffective in the said other position to directairyiiowing upwardlythrough the wick tube laterally `outwardlytowardthe wick and effectivein the inverted position of the flame spreader to; seat on` the adjacentend of shaped portion opening downwardly in the said i other positionrofthe amespreader to receive the wick, said flange havingan annularchanneld yshaped portion'ope'ning downwardly inthe said other position`of the flame spreader to receive air passing upwardly through the wick.tubeand having perforations in the lbase portion to per- 7 mit escapeofthe air, the radially outer ange of the channel telescopically engagingin the upper endof the -wick tube inthe inverted position of the iiamespreader to center thelatter relative tothevvick,y and means supportingthe flame spreader int-the inverted position thereof for Vrotationrelative'to the burner.

'7. In a wick type burner, an annular wick, a flame spreader attachabletothe burner in either` of two'positions, one position beingfinvertedwith respect tothe other, and an `annular flange projectinglaterallyoutwardly from theA flame spreader and having a portion adaptedto rest on the adjacentend of the wick in the invertedpostion oftheiiame spreader to effect a rubbing-action on the vwickupon `relativerotation d of the wick and ame spreader. d

8. In a wick type burner, an annular wick vhaving a tapered upper end,4a` ame spreader attachable to the 'burner in either of two posi'-tions, one position being inverted with respect to the other, and anannular ange projecting laterally outwardly from the name spreader andhaving a tapered portion adapted to seat on the` tapered endxof the Wickin the inverted position of the flame spreader to eiect a rubbing actionon said end of the wick 'upon relative rotationv of the wick and `namespreader. l n

9. In a wick type burner, an annular wick, a ame spreader having atubular body extendthe wiclrl providing an annular passage for airvaround the iarne spreader body, `an annular'y ing-into'the upper end: ofthe wiokA and having al diameter less than the internaldiameter yofflange extending radiallyl outwardly from the body above the wick todirect air passing up,-

wardly through said annular passage laterally;

outwardly, said flange` havingY a downwardly opening annularchann'el-shapedfpcrtion located i, substantially opposite the upper,vend-of the wick to4 receive imburned vaporand particlesV of fuelcarried'by the air passing upwardly through said passage and `having theb-ase portion of the channel perforatedto permit the escape of the airand fuel particles entering said'channel.

l0. 'ina wick type burner,` an annular wick, a1 llame spreader havingatubular body extending into the upper endfof the wick and havingVafdiametervlessthan the internal diameter of thewick providing`anannular passage for air around the'. namespreader body, an annularange extending radially voutwardly from theA bodyabove thel wick todirect air passing upwardly through saidannular passage laterally4fuelparticles entering said channel and the portion of the flamespreader body above the flange having perforations for directing airflowing upwardly through the body laterally outwardly in directionstransverse to the flow of uid from the perforations in the base of thechannel to direct the air and fuel particles outwardly t0- ward-theflameemitting 'from the wick.

CARROLL M. BREED. 20;

